Good groundcovers
Vinca minor (Periwinkle or Myrtle) grows in dense or partial shade and requires rich soil. This trailing evergreen vine is useful under trees and shrubs, or as a foreground for shrubs. Periwinkle is one of the most dependable groundcovers. It bears lavender-blue flowers in May and June.
Zanthorhiza appifolia (Yellowroot) grows about one-and-a half foot in height. It does best in dense or partial shade; requires soil rich in humus. Yellowroot bears brownish-purple flowers in May.
Cotoneaster horizontals (Rock Spray) requires rich loamy soil in sun or partial shade. A deciduous shrub growing to two feet in height, Rock Spray is useful in covering banks and open spaces. The small leaves are persistent and bright red berries last until freezing weather.
Pachysandra terminalis (Japanese Spurge) grows in any soil type in partial or dense shade. This eight-inch high plant is green yearlong and forms a dense carpet beneath trees. It establishes itself rapidly and is permanent. Japanese Spurge is one of the most reliable groundcovers.