By Hank Smith | March 2004
Spring
Garden Vegetables and Fruits
Cool-weather vegetable crops now being harvested should be followed by plantings of warm-weather ones like snap beans, squash, green beans, lima beans, okra, lettuce, tomatoes and beets.
When setting tomato and green pepper plants, place collars around the bases to protect from cutworms. Plastic cups with bottoms removed make good collars.
Stake tall-growing tomato plants, or place wire cages over them. As plants grow, secure them to the support with strips of sturdy cloth or discarded pantyhose.
Vegetables can be used as part of the flower garden. For example, carrots to edge a flowerbed (the foliage gives a fern-like edging); strawberries as a low-edging plant or groundcover; cabbages backed with zinnias, with petunias in front.
Plant green beans, cucumbers, squash and other warm season vegetables.
Remove blooms from herbs to direct plant energy to produce foliage, not flowers.
Trees and Shrubs
The first spring is a critical time for newly-planted shrubs and trees. Water them deeply once or twice a week during dry periods.
Most shrubs respond well to a general feeding of 1⁄4- to 1⁄2-pound balanced plant food per square yard of area covered by plant. Do not permit fertilizer to touch stems or leaves. Distribute fertilizer evenly. If there is heavy mulch, or soil is badly packed, cultivate well. Water fertilizer into soil.
Remove faded blooms when they appear on bedding plants and shrubs.
Dig and transplant small seedlings of nandinas that have grown up under established plants. If established plants have grown tall and scraggly, cut away older, thicker stems at ground level.
Flowers
When Easter lilies are in bloom, pluck the stamens to remove yellow pollen as soon as it is visible. This prevents ripening pollen from discoloring petals, making flowers last longer.
Even shady spots can contribute summer color from annuals. The following endure somewhat heavy shade: petunia, balsam, calliopsis, godetia, lobelia, cockscomb, flowering tobacco, periwinkle and impatiens.
Good bedding plants for bright sunny spots: portulaca, zinnia, marigold, salvia and celosia.
Plant an evergreen vine such as English ivy or Carolina jasmine along with clematis vine. This provides a green camouflage when clematis is bare of leaves in winter.
Make massed plantings of zinnias, marigolds and petunias. These most popular of annuals contribute summer-long color accents.
For autumn color, set out chrysanthemums. Pinch their tips when plants are about six inches tall. This causes bushy plants and often increases flower production.
As blooms fade, cut daffodils, tulips and hyacinths if not done earlier. Since foliage is manufacturing food for next year’s growth, let it remain until leaves mature and turn brown or yellow.
If daffodils multiply and become crowded clumps that produce little to no blooms, lift, divide and replant.
When mums are ready for pinching back, the tip growth that is removed will root easily in coarse, damp sand. In three weeks, roots will have formed. By blooming time, these make good plants.
Lawn
Apply lawn-weed prevention to keep crabgrass seeds from sprouting and becoming summer weeds.
If large trees cast shade on the lawn and the shaded
area is not planted with a groundcover, apply a complete fertilizer such
as
6-12-12, 5-10-5, 8-8-8, or 12-6-6 at a rate of 30 to 35 pounds per 1,000 square
feet. This relieves competion of trees and lawn grasses for nutrients.
Fertilize summer grasses such as Zoysia, Bermuda
and Centipede.
Do not fertilize fescue until fall.
Start groundcovers of liriope, Mondo grass and
English ivy where
grass refuses to grow.
Treatments
Five tablespoons of bleach in a gallon of water,
shaken well, will
help prolong the life of cut flowers. Keep the vase full of solution.
To attract hummingbirds, bees, and butterflies, include bee balm in flowerbeds.
Fertilize azaleas with special azalea and camellia
food, or use a
balanced fertilizer like 8-8-8 or 10-10-10.
Among good mulches for plants: pine needles, oak
leaves, old
sawdust, cotton and peanut hulls, shredded bark and bark chips,
and peat moss that has been soaked in water for several hours.
Indoors
Water-retaining polymers added to soil at planting time for potted plants will help hold moisture.
Spider plants are well adapted to hanging baskets in partial shade.
Roots trailing out of drainage holes or bulging through the top layer of soil indicate that potted plants need more room. But you may want to remove plant from container and examine root ball before deciding to repot.
Miscellaneous Tips
If you enjoy feeding birds in winter, then plant a row of sunflowers in the back or side of your garden. These tall-growing annuals produce enormous heads of rich, oily seeds. In late summer when flowers have matured, cut and dry them. Next winter, these seed-studded disks will be a true delicacy for birds.
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